Can I clamp or tow a vehicle parked on my private land?

No — it is illegal to clamp, block in, or tow a vehicle on private land without lawful authority in England and Wales. Since the Protection of Freedoms Act 2012, private landowners and parking operators are not permitted to immobilise or remove vehicles as a way of enforcing parking restrictions.

What the Law Says

Under the Protection of Freedoms Act 2012 (Schedule 4), it is a criminal offence to:

• Clamp, tow, or immobilise a vehicle on private land without legal authority
• Deliberately block a vehicle to prevent it from leaving

This applies even if the vehicle is parked without permission. Offenders can face fines or prosecution.

Who Can Clamp or Tow Legally?

Only certain authorised bodies have the legal power to remove vehicles:

• Police or local authorities – for obstruction, safety risks, or unpaid fines
• DVLA or authorised contractors – for untaxed or abandoned vehicles
• Private parking operators – can issue Parking Charge Notices (PCNs) only, not clamp or tow

What Landowners Should Do Instead

Because enforcement through immobilisation is illegal, prevention is key:

• Install bollards, gates, or height restriction barriers to physically control access
• Display clear signage outlining parking terms and restrictions
• Work with a BPA or IPC-approved parking operator for lawful enforcement

Key Takeaway

You cannot clamp or tow vehicles on private land — but you can prevent access in the first place. The law supports deterrence and proper signage, not physical immobilisation.